Encyclopedia of American Civil Liberties

(List is not final and is subject to change prior to publication.)

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z

Abingdon Township School District v. Schempp, 374 U.S. 203 (1963)
Abolitionist Movement
Abolitionists
Abood v. Detroit Board of Education, 431 U.S. 209 (1977)
Abortion
Abortion Laws and the Establishment Clause
Abortion Protest Cases
Abrams v. United States, 250 U.S. 616 (1919)
Absolutism and Free Speech
Abu Ghraib
Academic Freedom
Access to Government Operations Information
Access to Judicial Records
Access to Prisons
Accommodation of Religion
Accomplice Confessions
Act Up
Acton, Lord John
Actual Malice Standard
Administrative Searches and Seizures
Adolescent Family Life Act
Affirmative Action
Agostini v. Felton, 521 U.S. 203 (1997)
Aguilar v. Felton, 473 U.S. 402 (1985)
Airport Searches
Akron v. Akron Center for Reproductive Health, 462 U.S. 416 (1983)
Alcorta v. Texas, 355 U.S. 28 (1957)
Alien and Sedition Acts (1798)
Aliens, Civil Liberties of
County of Allegheny v. ACLU, 492 U.S. 573 (1989)
Allen v. Illinois, 478 U.S. 364 (1986)
Amalgamated Food Employees Union v. Logan Valley Plaza, 391 U.S. 308 (1968)
Ambach v. Norwick, 441 U.S. 68 (1979)
America Online
American Anti-Slavery Society
American Booksellers v. Hudnut, 771 F. 2nd 323 (1985)
American Civil Liberties Union
American Communications Association v. Douds, 339 U.S. 382 (1950)
American Indian Religious Freedom Act of 1978
American Revolution
Americans United for Separation of Church and State
Amish and Religions Liberty
Amnesty International
Amsterdam, Anthony G.
Anders v. California, 386 U.S. 738 (1967)
Anne Hutchinson Trial
Anonymity and Free Speech
Anonymity in On-Line Communication
Anslinger, Harry
Anthony, Susan B.
Anti-Abolitionist Gag Rules
Anti-Abortion Protest and Freedom of Speech
Anti-Anarchy and Anti-Syndicalism Acts
Anti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rith
Antidiscrimination Laws
Antipolygamy Laws
Apodaca v. Oregon, 406 U.S. 404 (1972)
Application of First Amendment to States
Apprendi v. New Jersey, 530 U.S. 466 (2000)
Appropriation of Name or Likeness
Aptheker v. Secretary of State, 378 U.S. 500 (1964)
Arizona v. Fulminante, 499 U.S. 279 (1991)
Arizona v. Hicks, 480 U.S. 321 (1987)
Arizona v. Youngblood, 488 U.S. 51 (1988)
Arraignment and Probable Cause Hearing
Arrest
Arrest Warrants
Arrest Without a Warrant
Ashcroft v. Free Speech Coalition, 535 U.S. 234 (2002)
Ashcroft, John
Assisted Suicide
Asylum, Refugees and the Convention Against Torture
Atheism
Automobile Searches
Autopsies and Free Exercise Beliefs

Bache, Benjamin Franklin
Bad Tendency Test
Bail
Balancing Approach to Free Speech
Balancing Test
Baldus Study (Capital Punishment)
Baldwin, Roger
Ballew v. Georgia, 436 U.S. 223 (1978)
Ballot Initiatives
Baltimore City Department of Social Services v. Bouknight, 492 U.S. 549 (1990)
Baptists in Early America
Barclay v. Florida, 463 U.S. 939 (1983)
Barefoote v. Estelle, 463 U.S. 880 (1983)
Barenblatt v. United States, 360 U.S. 109 (1959)
Barnes v. Glen Theatre, Inc., 501 U.S. 560 (1991)
Barron v. Baltimore, 32 U.S. 243 (1833)
Bartkus v. Illinois, 359 U.S. 121 (1959)
Bartnicki v. Vopper, 532 U.S. 514 (2001)
Bates v. State Bar of Arizona, 433 U.S. 350 (1969)
Batson v. Kentucky, 476 U.S. 79 (1986)
Beal v. Doe, 432 U.S. 438 (1977)
Beauharnais v. Illinois, 343 U.S. 250 (1952)
Becker Amendment
Belief-Action Distinction in Free Exercise Clause History
Belle Terre v. Boraas, 416 U.S. 1 (1974)
Bellis v. United States, 417 U.S. 85 (1974)
Bellotti v. Baird, 443 U.S. 622 (1979)
Benton v. Maryland, 395 U.S. 784 (1969)
Berger v. New York, 388 U.S. 41 (1967)
Berkemer v. McCarty, 468 U.S. 420 (1984)
Bethel School District v. Fraser, 478 U.S. 675 (1986)
Betts v. Brady, 316 U.S. 455 (1942)
Bible in American Law
Bible Reading in Public Schools (history of, before and after Schempp)
Biddle, Francis
Bill of Attainder
Bill of Rights in Early State Constitutions
Bill of Rights: Adoption of
Bill of Rights: Structure
Bingham, John
Birth Control
Bivens v. Six Unknown Named Agents, 403 U.S. 388 (1971)
Black, Hugo
Blackledge v. Perry, 417 U.S. 21 (1974)
Blacklisting
Blackmun, Harry A.
Blackstone and Common-Law Prohibition on Prior Restraints
Blaine Amendment
Bloudy Tenent of Persecution for Cause of Conscience, Discussed in a Conference Between Truth and Peace, The
Blue Wall of Silence
Board of Education of the Westside Community Schools v. Mergens, 496 U.S. 226 (1990)
Board of Education v. Allen, 392 U.S. 236 (1968)
Board of Education v. Earls, 536 U.S. 822 (2002) (students)
Board of Education v. Pico, 457 U.S. 853 (1982)
Board of Education, Kiryas Joel Village School District v. Grumet, 512 U.S. 687 (1994)
Bob Jones University v. United States, 461 U.S. 574 (1983)
City of Boerne v. Flores, 521 U.S. 507 (1997)
Bolger v. Youngs Drug Corp., 463 U.S. 60 (1983)
Bond v. Floyd, 385 U.S. 116 (1966)
Book Banning and Book Removals
Bordenkircher v. Hayes, 434 U.S. 357 (1978)
Bork, Robert
Boston Massacre Trial
Bowen v. American Hospital Association, 476 U.S. 610 (1986)
Bowen v. Kendrick, 487 U.S. 589 (1988)
Bowen v. Roy, 476 U.S. 693 (1986) (Social Security Number)
Bowers v. Hardwick, 478 U.S. 186 (1986)
Boy Scouts of America v. Dale, 530 U.S. 640 (2000)
Boyd v. United States, 116 U.S. 616 (1886)
Boykin v. Alabama, 395 U.S. 238 (1969)
Bradfield v. Roberts, 175 U.S. 291 (1899)
Brady v. Maryland, 373 U.S. 83 (1963)
Brandeis, Louis D.
Brandenburg Incitement Test
Brandenburg v. Ohio, 395 U.S. 444 (1969)
Branti v. Finkel, 445 U.S. 507 (1980)
Branzburg v. Hayes, 408 U.S. 665 (1972)
Braswell v. United States, 487 U.S. 99 (1988)
Bray v. Alexandria Women's Health Clinic, 506 U.S. 263 (1993)
Breithaupt v. Abram, 352 U.S. 432 (1957)
Brewer v. Williams, 430 U.S. 387 (1977)
Breyer, Stephen
Broadcast Regulation
Brooks v. Tennessee, 406 U.S. 605 (1972)
Brotherhood of Railroad Trainment v. Virginia Ex.Rel. Virginia, 377 U.S. 1 (1964)
Brown v. Board of Education, 347 U.S. 483 (1954), 349 US 294 (1955)
Brown v. Mississippi, 297 U.S. 278 (1936)
Bruce, Lenny
Bryan, William Jennings
Bryant, Anita
Buchanan v. Kentucky, 483 U.S. 402 (1987)
Buchanan v. Warley, 245 U.S. 60 (1917)
Buck v. Bell, 274 U.S. 200 (1927)
Buckley v. Valeo, 424 U.S. 1 (1976)
Bullington v. Missouri, 451 U.S. 430 (1981)
Burdeau v. McDowell, 256 U.S. 465 (1921)
Burden of Proof: Overview
Burger Court
Burger, Warren E.
Burke, Edmund
Burks v. United States, 437 U.S. 1 (1978)
Burson v. Freeman
Burstyn v. Wilson, 343 U.S. 495 (1952)
Burton, Justice Harold
Butler v. McKellar, 494 U.S. 407 (1990)
Butler, Pierce
Byers v. Edmondson, 712 So.2d 681 (1999) ("Natural Born Killers" Case)

Cable Television Regulation
Cain v. Kentucky, 387 U.S. 319 (1970)
Calder v. Bull, 3 U.S. 386 (1798)
Calero-Toledo v. Pearson Yacht Leasing Co., 416 U.S. 663 (1974)
Calhoun, John Caldwell
California v. Acevedo, 500 U.S. 565 (1991)
California v. Greenwood, 486 U.S. 35 (1988)
California v. LaRue, 409 U.S. 109 (1972)
California v. Ramos, 459 U.S. 1301 (1982)
California v. Trombetta, 467 U.S. 479 (1984)
Camara v. Municipal Court, 387 U.S. 523 (1967)
Cameras in the Courtroom
Campaign Finance Reform
Campus Hate Speech Codes
Cantwell v. Connecticut, 310 U.S. 296 (1940)
Capital Punishment
Capital Punishment and Equal Protection Clause Cases
Capital Punishment and Race Discrimination
Capital Punishment and Resentencing
Capital Punishment and Right of Appeal
Capital Punishment and Sentencing
Capital Punishment for Felony Murder
Capital Punishment Held Not Cruel and Unusual Punishment Under Certain Guidelines
Capital Punishment Reversed
Capital Punishment: 8th Amendment Limits
Capital Punishment: AEDPA
Capital Punishment: Due Process Limits
Capital Punishment: Execution of Innocents
Capital Punishment: History and Politics
Capital Punishment: Lynching
Capital Punishment: Methods of Execution
Capital Punishment: Proportionality
Capitol Square Review v. Pinette, 515 U.S. 753 (1995)
Captive Audiences and Free Speech
Cardozo, Benjamin N.
Carey v. Population Services International, 431 U.S. 678 (1977)
Carolene Products v. United States, 304 U.S. 144 (1938)
Carroll v. United States, 267 U.S. 132 (1925)
Categorical Approach to Free Speech
Catholics and Religious Liberty
Catt, Carrie
Central Hudson Gas and Electric Corp. v. Public Service Commission of New York, 447 U.S. 557 (1980)
Central Intelligence Agency
Ceremonial Deism
Chae Chan Ping v. United States., 130 U.S. 581 (1889) and Chinese Exclusion Act
Chafee, Zechariah, Jr.
Chain Gangs
Chambers v. Florida, 309 U.S. 227 (1940)
Chambers v. Mississippi, 410 U.S. 284 (1973)
Chambers, Whittaker
Chandler v. Florida, 449 U.S. 560 (1981)
Chandler v. Miller 520 U.S. 305 (1997) (candidates)
Chaplains - Legislative
Chaplains - Military
Charitable Choice
Chase Court
Chase, Samuel
Chavez, Cesar
Checkpoints (roadblocks)
Chemerinsky, Erwin
Chessman, Caryl
Chicago Seven Trial
Chicago v. Morales, 527 U.S. 41 (1999)
Child Custody and Adoption
Child Custody and Foster Care
Child Pornography
Children and the First Amendment
Chimel v. California, 395 U.S. 752 (1969)
Christian Coalition
Church of Scientology and Religious Liberty
Church of the Holy Trinity v. United States, 143 U.S. 457 (1892)
Church of the Lukumi Babalu Aye v. City of Haileah, 508 U.S. 520 (1993)
Church of the New Song and Religious Liberty
Church Property After the American Revolution
Cicenia v. La Gay, 357 U.S. 504 (1958)
Cincinnati v. Discovery Network, Inc., 507 U.S. 14 (1993)
Citizenship
Civil Asset Forfeiture
Civil Death
Civil Religion
Civil Rights Act of 1866
Civil Rights Act of 1875
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Civil Rights and Freedom of Speech
Civil Rights Cases, 109 U.S. 3 (1883)
Civil Rights Laws and Free Speech
Civilian Complaint Review Boards
Clark, Ramsey
Clark, Tom
Classified Information
Clear and Present Danger Test
Cloning
Coerced Confessions/Police Interrogation
Cohen v. California, 403 U.S. 15 (1971)
Cohen v. Cowles Media Company, 501 U.S. 663 (1991)
Cohn, Roy
Coker v. Georgia, 433 U.S. 584 (1977)
Colautti v. Franklin, 438/39 U.S. 379 (1979)
Coleman v. Thompson, 501 U.S. 722 (1991)
Collateral Consequences
Colonial Charters and Codes
Colorado Republican Federal Campaign Committee v. Federal Election Commission, 518 U.S. 604 (1996)
Colorado v. Connelly, 479 U.S. 157 (1986)
Commercial Speech
Committee for Public Education and Religious Liberty v. Nyquist, 413 U.S. 756 (1973)
Committee for Public Education and Religious Liberty v. Regan, 444 U.S. 646 (1980)
Common Law or Statute
Communications Decency Act of 1996
Communism and the Cold War
Communist Party
Company Towns and Freedom of Speech
Compelling State Interest
Compulsory Vaccination
Comstock, Anthony
Concept of "Christian Nation" in American Jurisprudence
Confrontation and Compulsory Process
Confrontation Clause
Congressional Protection of Privacy
Connally v. Georgia, 429 U.S. 245 (1977)
Connor, Bull
Conscientious Objection, the Free Exercise Clause
Conspiracy
Constitution of 1787
Constitution Overseas (including military trial of U.S. citizens)
Constitutional Amendment Permitting School Prayer
Constitutional Convention of 1787
Content-Based Regulation of Speech
Content-Neutral Regulation of Speech
Coolidge v. New Hampshire, 403 U.S. 443 (1971)
Copyright Laws and Free Exercise
Corporation of Presiding Bishop v. Amos, 483 U.S. 327 (1987)
Corrigan v. Buckley, 271 U.S. 323 (1926)
Corruption of Blood
Counselman v. Hitchcock, 142 U.S. 547 (1892)
County and City Seals with Religious Content
Covington, Hayden
Cox v. Louisiana, 379 U.S. 536 and 379 U.S. 559 (1965)
Cox v. New Hampshire, 312 U.S. 569 (1941)
Coy v. Iowa, 487 U.S. 1012 (1988)
Crane v. Johnson, 242 U.S. 339 (1917)
Crane v. Kentucky, 476 U.S. 683 (1986) OR (1992)
Creationism and Intelligent Design
Criminal Conspiracy
Criminal Law/Civil Liberties and Noncitizens in the U.S.
Criminalization of Civil Wrongs
Cromwell, Oliver
Cross-Burning
Cruel and Unusual Punishment (VIII)
Cruel and Unusual Punishment Generally
Cruzan v. Missouri, 497 U.S. 261 (1990)
Cuban Interdiction
Cultural Defense

Dandridge v. Williams, 397 U.S. 471 (1970)
Darrow, Clarence
Davis v. Alaska, 415 U.S. 308 (1974)
Davis v. Beason, 133 U.S. 333 (1890)
Dawson, J.M.
Days of Religious Observance as National or State Holidays
Debs v. United States, 249 U.S. 211 (1919)
Debs, Eugene
Debtor's Prisons
Declaration of Independence
Dees, Morris
Defamation and Free Speech
Defense of Marriage Act
Defense, Right to Present
Defiance of Court's Ban on School Prayer
Defining Religion
DeJonge v. Oregon, 299 U.S. 353 (1937)
Delaware v. Prouse, 440 U.S. 648 (1979)
Demonstrations and Sit-ins
Denaturalization
Dennis v. United States, 341 U.S. 494 (1951)
Department of Homeland Security
Dershowitz, Alan
Designated Public Forums
DeWitt, General John
Dial-a-Porn
Dickerson v. United States, 530 U.S. 428 (2000)
Dies, Martin
Disciplining Lawyers for Speaking about Pending Cases
Disciplining Public Employees for Expressive Activity
Discovery Materials in Court Proceedings
Discrimination by Religious Entities that Receive Government Funds
Discriminatory Prosecution
Disestablishment of State Churches in the Late 18th Century and Early 19th Century
Diversity Immigration Program
DNA and Innocence
DNA Testing
Doe v. Bolton, 410 U.S. 179 (1973)
Domestic Violence
Don't Ask, Don't Tell Exec. Order 107 Stat. 1670, section 571 (1993)
Double Jeopardy (V): early history, background, framing
Double Jeopardy: Modern History
Douglas v. California, 372 U.S. 353 (1963)
Douglas, William O.
Douglass, Frederick
Draft Card Burning
Dred Scott v. Sandford, 60 U.S. 393 (1857)
Drug Testing
Drugs, Religion, and Law
Dual Citizenship
Due Process
Due Process in Immigration
Due Process of Law (V and XIV)
Duncan v. Louisiana, 391 U.S. 145 (1968)
Dusky v. United States, 362 U.S. 402 (1960)
Duty to Obey Court Orders
DWI
Dworkin, Andrea

Economic Regulation
Economic Rights in the Constitution
Edwards v. Aguillard, 482 U.S. 578 (1987)
Edwards v. Arizona, 451 U.S. 477 (1981)
Edwards v. California, 314 U.S. 160 (1941)
Edwards v. South Carolina, 372 U.S. 229 (1963)
Eisenstadt v. Baird, 405 U.S. 438 (1972)
Eldred v. Ashcroft, 537 U.S. 186 (2001)
Electric Chair as Cruel and Unusual Punishment
Electronic Surveillance/Technological Monitoring/Dog Sniff
Elk Grove Unified School District v. Newdow, 542 U.S. 1 (2004)
Ellsworth Court
Elrod v. Burns, 427 U.S. 347 (1976)
Emancipation Proclamation (1863)
Emergency, Civil Liberties in
Emerson, Thomas I.
Employment Division, Department of Human Resources v. Smith, 494 U.S. 872 (1990)
Engel v. Vitale, 370 U.S. 421 (1962)
English Bill of Rights, 1689
English Toleration Act
English Tradition of Civil Liberties
Entrapment and "Stings"
Entrapment by Estoppel
Epperson v. Arkansas, 393 U.S. 97 (1968)
Equal Access Act
Equal Protection Clause and Religious Freedom
Equal Protection of Law (XIV)
Equal Rights Amendment
City of Erie v. Pap's A.M., 529 U.S. 277 (2000)
Erznoznik v. Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205 (1975)
Escobedo v. Illinois, 378 U.S. 478 (1964)
Establishment Clause (I): History, Background, Framing
Establishment Clause Doctrine: Supreme Court Jurisprudence
Establishment Clause: Theories of Interpretation
Establishment of Religion and Free Exercise Clauses
Estate of Thornton v. Caldor, 472 U.S. 703 (1985)
Estelle v. Smith, 451 U.S. 454 (1981)
Estelle v. Williams, 425 U.S. 501 (1976)
Estes, Billie Sol
Eugenic Sterilization
Euthanasia
Evers, Medgar
Everson v. Board of Education, 330 U.S. 1 (1947)
Ex Parte Milligan, 71 U.S. 2 (1866)
Ex Parte Valandigham, 28 F. CAS. 874 (C.C.S.D. OH. 1863)
Ex Post Facto Clause
Exclusionary Rule
Exemplars (handwriting, blood, prints, speech, DNA)
Exemptions for Religion contained in regulatory Statutes
Expatriation
Extradition
Extremist Groups and Civil Liberties
Eyewitness Identification

Fair Credit Reporting Act, 84 Stat. 1127 (1970)
Fair Labor Standards Act and Religion
Fair Use Doctrine and First Amendment
Fairness Doctrine
False Confessions
False Light Invasion of Privacy
Falwell, Jerry
Family Unity for Non-citizens
Family Values Movement
FCC v. League of Women Voters, 468 U.S. 364 (1984)
FCC v. Pacifica Foundation, 438 U.S. 726 (1978)
Federal Communication Commission
Federalization of Criminal Law
Feiner v. New York, 340 U.S. 315 (1951)
Felon Disenfranchisement
Fiallo v. Bell, 430 U.S. 787 (1977)
Field, Steven
Fighting Words and Free Speech
First Amendment and PACs
Fisher v. United States, 425 U.S. 391 (1976)
Flag Salute Cases
Flag-Burning
Flast v. Cohen, 392 U.S. 83 (1968)
Florida Star v. B.J.F., 491 U.S. 524 (1989)
Florida v. Jimeno, 500 U.S. 248 (1991)
Florida v. Riley, 488 U.S. 445 (1989)
Florida v. Royer, 460 U.S. 491 (1983)
Florida v. White, 526 U.S. 559 (1999)
Flynt, Larry
Follett v. Town of McCormick, 321 U.S. 573 (1944)
Fong Yue Ting v. United States, 149 U.S. 698 (1893)
Forced Speech
Fortas, Abe
Fourteenth Amendment
44 Liquormart v. Rhode Island, 517 U.S. 484 (1996)
France v. United States, 164 U.S. 676 (1897)
Francis v. Franklin, 471 U.S. 307 (1985)
Frank, John
Frankfurter, Felix
Franklin, Benjamin
Free Exercise Clause (I): History, Background, Framing
Free Exercise Clause Doctrine: Supreme Court Jurisprudence
Free Press/Fair Trial
Free Speech in Private Corporations
Freedom of Access to Clinic Entrances Act, 108 Stat. 694 (1994)
Freedom of Association
Freedom of Contract
Freedom of Expression in the International Context
Freedom of Information Act
Freedom of Information and Sunshine Laws
Freedom of Speech and Press under the Constitution: Early History 1791-1917
Freedom of Speech and Press: 19th Century
Freedom of Speech Extended to Corporations
Freedom of Speech in Broadcasting
Freedom of Speech: The Modern Period (1917 - Present)
Freedom of the Press: The Modern Period (1917 - Present)
Freund, Paul
Frisbie v. Collins, 342 U.S. 519 (1952)
Frisby v. Schultz, 487 U.S. 474 (1988)
Fruit of the Poisonous Tree
Fuller Court
Furman v. Georgia, 408 U.S. 238 (1972)
FW/PBS v. Dallas, 493 U.S. 215 (1990)

Gag Orders in Judicial Proceedings
Gag Rule
Gang Ordinances
Gardner v. Florida, 430 U.S. 349 (1977)
Garrison, William Lloyd
Gay and Lesbian Rights
General Warrants
Gentile v. State Bar of Nevada, 501 U.S. 1030 (1991)
Gerstein v. Pugh, 420 U.S. 103 (1975)
Gertz v. Robert Welch Inc., 418 U.S. 323 (1974)
Gibson v. Florida Legislative Committee, 372 U.S. 539 (1963)
Giddings, Joshua
Gideon v. Wainwright, 372 U.S. 335 (1963)
Gideon, Clarence Earl
Giglio v. United States, 405 U.S. 150 (1972)
Gilmore, Gary
Ginsberg v. New York, 390 U.S. 629 (1968)
Ginsberg, Ruth Bader
Ginzberg v. United States, 343 U.S. 463 (1966)
Gitlow v. New York 268 U.S. 652 (1925)
Glorious Revolution
Godfrey v. Georgia, 446 U.S. 420 (1980)
Godinez v. Moran, 509 U.S. 389 (1993)
Goldberg v. Kelly, 397 U.S. 254 (1970)
Goldberg, Arthur
Goldman v. Weinberger, 475 U.S. 503 (1986)
Good News Club v. Milford Central School, 533 U.S. 98 (2001)
Government Funding of Speech
Government Speech
Graham v. Commission of Internal Revenue, 490 U.S. 680 (1989)
Grand Jury
Grand Jury in Colonial America
Grand Jury Indictment (V)
Grand Jury Investigation and Indictment
Grant's General Orders #11 (1862) (expelling Jews)
Green v. Georgia, 422 U.S. 95 (1979)
Gregg v. Georgia, 428 U.S. 153 (1976)
Griffin v. California, 380 U.S. 609 (1965)
Griffin v. Illinois, 351 U.S. 12 (1956)
Griffin v. Wisconsin, 483 U.S. 868 (1987)
Griswold v. Connecticut, 381 U.S. 479 (1965)
Grosjean v. American Press Co., 297 U.S. 233 (1936)
Group Libel
Guantanamo Bay, Enemy Combatants, post 9/11
Guided Discretion Statutes
Guilty But Mentally Ill
Guilty Plea
Gun Control/Anti-Gun Control

H.L. v. Matheson, 450 U.S. 398 (1981)
Habeas Corpus Act of 1679
Habeas Corpus in Colonial America
Habeas Corpus: Modern History
Hague v. C.I.O., 307 U.S. 496 (1939)
Hague, Frank
Haig v. Agee, 453 U.S. 280 (1981)
Hale v. Henkel, 201 U.S. 43 (1906)
Hamdi v. Rumsfield, 124 S.Ct. 2633 (2004)
Hamilton, Alexander
Hamilton, Andrew
Hand, Learned
Harisiades v. Shauhnessy, 342 U.S. 580 (1952)
Harlan, John Marshall I
Harlan, John Marshall II
Harmelin v. Michigan, 501 U.S. 957 (1991)
Harmless Error
Harper v. Virginia Board of Elections, 383 U.S. 663 (1966)
Harris v. McRae, 448 U.S. 297 (1980)
Harris v. New York, 401 U.S. 222 (1971)
Hatch Act and Free Speech
Hate Crime Laws
Hate Crimes
Hate Speech
Hays, Will
Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier, 484 U.S. 620 (1988)
Hearsay Evidence
Heckler's Veto Problem in Free Speech
Helms Amendment (1989)
Helper, Hinton
Hentoff, Nat
Herbert v. Lando, 441 U.S. 153 (1979)
Hernandez v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, 490 U.S. 680 (1989)
Herrera v. Collins, 506 U.S. 390 (1993)
Hess v. Indiana, 414 U.S. 105 (1973)
Hester v. United States, 265 U.S. 445 (1924)
Hip-Hop and Rap Music
Hiss, Alger
History and its Role in Supreme Court Decision making on Religion
Hoffa v. United States, 385 U.S. 293 (1966)
Holland v. Illinois, 549 U.S. 474 (1990)
Holmes, Oliver Wendell, Jr.
Homosexuality and Immigration
Hoover, J. Edgar
Hopt v. Utah, 110 U.S. 574 (1884)
Hostile Environment and Employment Discrimination Issues and Free Speech
Houchins v. KQED, 438 U.S. 1 (1978)
House Un-American Activities Committee
Hudson v. Louisiana, 450 U.S. 40 (1981)
Hudson v. Palmer, 468 U.S. 517 (1984)
Hughes Court
Hughes, Charles Evans
Hunt v. McNair, 413 U.S. 734 (1973)
Hurley v. Irish-American Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Group of Boston, 515 U.S. 557 (1995)
Hurtado v. California, 110 U.S. 516 (1884)
Hustler Magazine v. Falwell, 485 U.S. 46 (1988)
Hutchinson v. Proxmire, 443 U.S. 111 (1979)

Ideological and Security-Based Exclusion and Deportation
Illegitimacy and Immigration
Illinois v. Gates, 462 U.S. 213 (1983)
Illinois v. Krull, 480 U.S. 340 (1987)
Illinois v. Perkins, 496 U.S. 292 (1990)
Illinois v. Wardlow, 528 U.S. 119 (2000)
Immigration and Marriage Fraud Act of 1986
Immigration and Nationality Act Amendments of 1965
Immigration and Naturalization Service v. Chadha, 462 U.S. 919 (1983)
Immigration and Naturalization Service v. Lopez-Mendoza, 468 U.S. 1032 (1984)
Impartial Decisionmaker
Implied Rights
Incorporation Doctrine
Incorporation Doctrine and Free Speech
Indefinite Detention
City of Indianapolis v. Edmond, 531 U.S. 32 (2000)
Indian Bill of Rights
Ineffective Assistance of Counsel
Infliction of Emotional Distress and the First Amendment
In re Gault, 387 U.S. 1 (1967)
In re Griffiths, 413 U.S. 717 (1973)
In re Winship, 397 U.S. 358 (1970)
Insanity Defense
Intellectual Influences on Free Speech Law
Intellectual Property and the First Amendment
Intelligence Identities Protection Act (1982)
Intermediate Scrutiny Test in Free Speech Cases
Internet and Civil Liberties
Internet and Intellectual Property
Internet Filtering at Libraries and Free Speech
Interstate Commerce
Intrusion
Invasion of Privacy and Free Speech
Invidious Discrimination

Jackson v. Denno, 378 U.S. 368 (1964)
Jackson v. Indiana, 406 U.S. 715 (1972)
Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 2007 (1979)
Jackson, Andrew
Jackson, Robert H.
Jacobellis v. Ohio, 378 U.S. 184 (1964)
Jacobson v. Massachusetts, 197 U.S. 11 (1905)
Jacobson v. United States, 503 U.S. 540 (1992)
Jailhouse Informants
Jamison v. Texas, 318 U.S. 413 (1943)
Japanese Internment Cases
Jay Court
Jefferson, Thomas
Jehovah's Witnesses and Religious Liberty
Jenkins v. Georgia, 418 U.S. 152 (1974)
Jews and Religious Liberty
Jimmy Swaggart Ministries v. Board of Equalization of California, 110 S.Ct. 688 (1990) [or 493 U.S. 378]
John Birch Society
Johnson, Frank
Johnson, Lyndon Baines
Jones v. Wolf, 443 U.S. 595 (1979)
Journalism and Sources
Judicial Bias
Judicial Proceedings and References to the Deity
Judicial Resolution of Church Property Disputes
Judicial Review
Jurek v. Texas, 428 U.S. 262 (1976), 429 US 875 (1976)
Jurisdiction of the Federal Courts
Jury Nullification
Jury Nullification in Capital Punishment
Jury Selection and Voir Dire
Jury Trial
Jury Trial Right
Jury Trials and Race
Justice, William Wayne

Kamisar, Yale
Katz v. United States, 389 U.S. 347 (1967)
Kaufman, Irving
Kendall, Amos
Kennedy, Anthony
Kent v. Dulles, 357 U.S. 116 (1957)
Kentucky and Virginia Resolves
Kevorkian, Jack
King, Martin Luther, Jr.
Kingsley International Pictures Corporation v. Regents of the University of New York, 360 U.S. 684 (1959)
Kirby v. Illinois, 406 U.S. 682 (1972)
Kleindienst v. Mandel, 408 U.S. 753 (1972)
Klopfer v. North Carolina, 386 U.S. 213 (1967)
Kois v. Wisconsin, 408 U.S. 229 (1972)
Kolender v. Lawson, 461 U.S. 352 (1983)
Konigsberg v. State Bar of California, 336 U.S. 36 (1961)
Ku Klux Klan
Kunstler, William M.
Kyles v. Whitley, 514 U.S. 419 (1995)
Kyllo v. United States, 533 U.S. 27 (2001)

La Follette, Robert, Sr.
LAMBDA
Lambert v. California, 355 U.S. 255 (1957)
Lambert v. Wicklund, 117 S.Ct. 1169 (1997)
Lamb's Chapel v. Center Moriches School District, 508 U.S. 384 (1993)
Lanzetta v. New Jersey, 306 U.S. 451 (1939)
Late Corp. of Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints v. United States, 136 U.S 1 (1890)
Lawrence v. Texas, 539 U.S. 558 (2003)
Lawyer Advertising
Lee v. Weisman, 505 U.S. 577 (1992)
Legal Aid Society of New York
Legal Realists
Legal Services Corporation v. Valesquez, 531 U.S. 533 (2001)
Legion of Decency
Legislative Prayer
Legislators' Freedom of Speech
Leland v. Oregon, 343 U.S. 790 (1952)
Lemon Test
Leyra v. Denno, 347 U.S. 556 (1954)
Lilborn, John (Freeborn John)
Lilly v. Virginia, 527 U.S. 116 (1999)
Limitations on Clergy Holding Office
Limited Public Forums
Lincoln, Abraham
Line-ups
City of Littleton v. Z.J. Gifts D-4, L.L.C. (2004) 2003-058 (2004)
Lloyd Corporation v. Tanner, 407 U.S. 551 (1972)
Loan Association v. Topeka, 87 U.S. 655 (1875)
Lochner v. New York, 198 U.S. 45 (1905)
Locke v. Davey, 540 U.S. 712 (2004)
Locke, John
Lockett v. Ohio, 438 U.S. 586 (1978)
Lockhart v. McCree, 476 U.S. 162 (1986)
Log Cabin Republicans
Lo-Ji Sales, Inc. v. New York, 442 U.S. 319 (1979)
Long, Huey
Los Angeles v. Lyons, 461 U.S. 95 (1983)
Lovejoy, Elijah
Loving v. Virginia, 388 U.S. 1 (1967)
Low-Value Speech
Lynch v. Donnelly, 465 U.S. 668 (1984)
Lyng v. Northwest Indian Cemetery Protective Association, 485 U.S. 439 (1988)
Lynumn v. Illinois, 372 U.S. 528 (1963)

Mabry v. Johnson, 467 U.S. 504 (1984)
MacKinnon, Catharine
Madison, James
Madison's Remonstrance
Madsen v. Women's Health Center, 512 U.S. 753 (1994)
Magna Carta
Maher v. Roe, 432 U.S. 464 (1977)
Mallory v. United States, 354 U.S. 449 (1957)
Mandatory Death Sentences Unconstitutional
Mandatory Minimum Sentences
Mann Act
Manson v. Brathwaite, 432 U.S. 98 (1977)
Manual Enterprises v. Day, 370 U.S. 478 (1962)
Mapp v. Ohio, 367 U.S. 643 (1961)
Marbury v. Madison, 5 U.S. 137 (1803)
Marches and Demonstrations
Marchetti v. United States, 390 U.S. 39 (1968)
Marital Rape
Marketplace of Ideas Theory
Marriage, History of
Marsh v. Chambers, 463 U.S. 783 (1983)
Marshall Court
Marshall, John
Marshall, Thurgood
Martin v. Ohio, 480 U.S. 228 (1987)
Maryland Toleration Act (1649)
Maryland v. Buie, 494 U.S. 325 (1990)
Maryland v. Craig, 497 U.S. 836 (1990)
Mason, George
Massachusetts Body of Liberties of 1641
Masses Publishing Company v. Patten, 244 U.S. 535 (1917)
Massiah v. United States, 377 U.S. 201 (1964)
Material Witnesses
Mathis v. United States, 391 U.S. 1 (1968)
Matters of Public Concern Standard in Free Speech Cases
McCarran-Walter Act of 1952
McCarthy, Joseph
McCleskey v. Kemp, 481 U.S. 2779 (1987)
McCollum v. Board of Education, 333 U.S. 203 (1948)
McCorvey, Norma (Jane Roe)
McCulloch v. Maryland, 17 U.S. 316 (1819)
McDaniel v. Paty, 435 U.S. 618 (1978)
McGautha v. California, 402 U.S. 183 (1971)
McKeiver v. Pennsylvania, 403 U.S. 528 (1971)
McLaughlin v. Florida, 379 U.S. 184 (1964)
McNabb v. United States, 318 U.S. 332 (1943)
McReynolds, James C.
Media Access to Information
Media Access to Judicial Proceedings
Media Access to Military Operations
Media Liability for Causing Physical Harm
Meese, Edwin
Megan's Law (felon registration)
Meiklejohn, Alexander
Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure v. Massachusetts, 383 U.S. 413 (1966)
Menna v. New York, 423 U.S. 61 (1975)
Mentally Ill
Metro-Goldwyn Mayer Studios (MGM) v. Grokster, 545 U.S.- (2005)
Meyer v. Nebraska, 262 U.S. 390 (1923)
Miami Herald Publishing Co. v. Tornillo, 418 U.S. 241 (1974)
Michigan Dept. of State Police v. Sitz, 496 U.S. 444 (1990)
Michigan v. DeFillippo, 443 U.S. 31 (1979)
Michigan v. Lucas, 500 U.S. 145 (1991)
Michigan v. Mosley, 423 U.S. 96 (1975)
Michigan v. Summers, 452 U.S. 692 (1981)
Military Law
Military Tribunals
Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co., 497 U.S. 1 (1990)
Mill, John Stuart
Miller Test
Miller v. California, 413 U.S. 15 (1973)
Mills v. Alabama, 384 U.S. 214 (1966)
Mincey v. Arizona, 437 U.S. 385 (1978)
Minnesota v. Dickerson, 508 U.S. 366 (1993)
Minnesota v. Olson, 495 U.S. 91 (1990)
Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436 (1966)
Miranda Warning
Miranda, Ernesto
Miscegenation Laws
Mishkin v. New York, 383 U.S. 502 (1966)
Mistretta v. United States, 488 U.S. 361 (1989)
Mitchell v. Helms, 530 U.S. 793 (2000)
Mitchell, John
M'Naghten's Rule
Modern Political and Legal Philosophy, Civil Liberties in
Moment of Silence Statutes
Monroe v. Pape, 365 U.S. 167 (1961)
Montesquieu
Mooney v. Holohan, 294 U.S. 103 (1935)
Moore v. East Cleveland, 431 U.S. 494 (1977)
Moran v. Burbine, 475 U.S. 412 (1986)
Mormons and Religious Liberty
Motes v. United States, 178 U.S. 458 (1900)
Movie Ratings and Censorship
Mozert v. Hawkins County Board of Education, 827 F. 2d 1058 (1987)
Mt. Healthy City School District Board of Education v. Doyle, 429 U.S. 274 (1977)
Mueller v. Allen, 463 U.S. 388 (1983)
Mullaney v. Wilbur, 421 U.S. 684 (1975)
Murphy, Frank
Murray, John Courtney
Museums and Expression
Muslims and Religious Liberty
Mutual Film Corporation v. Industrial Commission of Ohio, 236 U.S. 230 (1915)

NAACP v. Alabama ex rel. Patterson, 357 U.S. 449 (1958)
NAACP v. Button, 371 U.S. 415 (1963)
Naim v. Naim, 875 E. 2nd 749 (Va. 1955); 350 U.S. 891 (1955); 350 U.S. 985 (1956)
Napue v. Illinois, 360 U.S. 264 (1959)
Nardone v. United States, 308 U.S. 338 (1939)
National Abortion Rights Action League (NARAL)
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
National Endowment for the Arts v. Finley, 118 S. Ct 2168 (1998)
National Labor Relations Board
National Motto "In God We Trust"
National Organization for Women
National Origins Quota System
National Rifle Association (NRA)
National Security
National Security and Freedom of Speech
National Security Prior Restraints
National Treasury Union v. Von Raab, 489 U.S. 656 (1989)
Native Americans and Religious Liberty
Natural Law, 18th Century Understanding
Near v. Minnesota, 283 U.S. 697 (1931)
Nebbia v. New York, 291 U.S. 502 (1934)
Nebraska Press Association v. Stuart, 427 U.S. 539 (1976)
Neutral Reportage Doctrine
New Deal and Civil Liberties
New Hampshire Constitution of 1784
New Jersey v. TLO, 469 U.S. 325 (1985)
New Right
New York Ex. Rel. Bryant v. Zimmerman, 278 U.S. 63
New York Times Co. v. Sullivan, 376 U.S. 254 (1964)
New York Times v. United States, 403 U.S. 713 (1971)
New York v. Belton, 453 U.S. 454 (1981)
New York v. Ferber, 458 U.S. 747 (1982)
New York v. Quarles, 467 U.S. 649 (1984)
Newsroom Searches
9/11 and the War on Terrorism
Ninth Amendment
Nix v. Williams, 467 U.S. 431, 104 (1984)
Nixon, Richard
NLRB v. Catholic Bishop of Chicago, 440 U.S. 490 (1979) (1979)
No Coercion Test
No Endorsement Test
Non-citizens and Land Ownership
Non-citizens and the Franchise
Non-citizens, Civil Liberties and
Non-preferentialism
North Carolina Constitution of 1776
North Carolina v. Alford, 400 U.S. 25 (1970)
North Carolina v. Pearce, 395 U.S. 711 (1969)

O'Brien Content-Neutral Free Speech Test
O'Brien Formula
Obscenity
Obscenity in History
O'Connor, Sandra Day
O'Connor v. Ortega, 480 U.S. 709 (1987)
Ohio v. Robinette, 519 U.S. 33 (1996)
Olmstead v. United States, 277 U.S. 438 (1928)
O'Lone v. Estate of Shabazz, 482 U.S. 342 (1987)
Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968
On Lee v. United States, 343 U.S. 747 (1952)
Open Fields
Operation Rescue
Oregon Death with Dignity Act (1994)
Orozco v. Texas, 394 U.S. 324 (1969)
Osborne v. Ohio, 495 U.S. 103 (1990)
Otis, James
Overbreadth Doctrine

Pacifists and Naturalization
Paine, Thomas
Palmer, A. Mitchell
Papachristou v. City of Jacksonville, 405 U.S. 156 (1972)
Pardon and Commutation
Paris Adult Theatre v. Slaton, 413 U.S. 166 (1974)
Patriot Act
Patterson v. New York, 432 U.S. 197 (1977)
Paul v. Davis, 424 U.S. 693 (1976)
Payton v. New York, 445 U.S. 573 (1980)
Pell v. Procunier, 417 U.S. 817 (1974)
Penn, William
Pennsylvania v. Scott, 524 U.S. 357 (1998)
Penumbras
Personal Liberty Laws
Petition Campaign
Petition of Right (1628)
Philadelphia Newspapers, Inc. v. Hepps, 475 U.S. 767 (1986)
Phillips, Wendell
Philosophy and Theory of Freedom of Expression
Physician-Assisted Suicide
Pickering v. Board of Education, 391 U.S. 563
Picketing
Pierce v. Society of Sisters, 268 U.S. 510 (1925)
Plain View
Planned Parenthood ("Nuremburg Files") Litigation
Planned Parenthood of Missouri v. Danforth, 428 U.S. 52 (1976)
Planned Parenthood v. Ashcroft, 462 U.S. 506 (1983)
Planned Parenthood v. Casey, 112 S.Ct. 2791 (1992)
Plea Bargaining
Pledge of Allegiance ("Under God")
Pledge of Allegiance and First Amendment
Plenary Power Doctrine
Plessy v. Ferguson, 163 U.S. 537 (1896)
Plyler v. Doe, 457 U.S. 202 (1982)
Poe v. Ullman, 367 U.S. 497 (1961)
Poelker v. Doe, 432 U.S. 519 (1977)
Police Investigation Commissions
Police Power of the State
Political Correctness and Free Speech
Political Patronage and First Amendment
Politics and Money
Pope v. Illinois, 481 U.S. 497 (1987)
Posadas de Puerto Rico Association v. Tourism Company of Puerto Rico, 478 U.S. 328 (1986)
Powell v. Alabama, 287 U.S. 45 (1932)
Powell v. Texas, 392 U.S. 514 (1968)
Powell, Lewis F., Jr.
Prayer in Public Schools
Preferred Position
Prejean, Sister Helen
Press Clause (I): Framing and History from Colonial Period up to Early National Period
Preventative Detention
Prince v. Massachusetts, 321 U.S. 158 (1944)
Prior Restraints
Prison Population Growth
Prisoners and Free Exercise Clause Rights
Prisoners and Freedom of Speech
Privacy
Privacy Protection Act, 94 Stat. 1879 (1980)
Privacy, Theories of
Private Discriminatory Association
Private Police
Private Possession of Obscenity in the Home
Private Religious Speech on Public Property
Privileges and Immunities (XIV)
Probable Cause
Professional Advertising
Profiling (including DWB)
Profitt v. Florida, 428 U.S. 242 (1976)
Prohibition
Proof Beyond a Resonable Doubt
Proportional Punishment
Proportionality Reviews
Public Figures
Public Forum Doctrines
Public Officials
Public School Curricula and Free Exercise Claims
Public Trial
Public Vulgarity and Free Speech
Public/Nonpublic Forums Distinction
Pulley v. Harris, 465 U.S. 37 (1984)
Puritans

Quakers and Religious Liberty
Quartering of Troops (III)
Quick Bear v. Leupp, 210 U.S. 50 (1908)
Quinlan, Karen Ann

Rabe v. Washington, 405 U.S. 313 (1972)
Race and Criminal Justice
Race and Immigration
Raley v. Ohio, 360 U.S. 423 (1959)
Rankin v. McPherson, 483 U.S. 378 (1987)
Rape: Naming Victim
Ratification Debate, Civil Liberties in
Rastafarianism
Rauh, Joseph L., Jr.
R.A.V. v. City of St. Paul, 505 U.S. 377 (1992)
Rawlings v. Kentucky, 448 U.S. 98 (1980)
Rawls, John
Reapportionment
Red Lion Broadcasting Co. v. FCC, 395 U.S. 367 (1969)
Red Scare of the Early 1920s
Redrup v. New York, 386 U.S. 767 (1967)
Refusal of Medical Treatment and Religious Freedom
Regents of University of California v. Bakke, 438 U.S. 265 (1978)
Regina v. Hicklin, L.R. 2 Q.B. 360 (1868)
Rehnquist Court
Rehnquist, William H.
Reid v. Covert, 354 U.S. 1 (1957)
Reid v. Georgia, 448 U.S. 438 (1980)
Release Time from Public Schools (for religious purposes)
Religion in "Public Square" Debate
Religion in 19th Century Public Education (includes "Bible Wars")
Religion in Public Universities [prayer, access to buildings]
Religion in the Workplace
Religious Freedom in the Military
Religious Freedom Restoration Act
Religious Garb in Courtrooms and Classrooms
Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act (2000)
Religious Liberty Under 18th Century State Constitutions
Religious Symbols on Public Property
Religious Tests for Officeholding (Article 6, Cl. 3)
Removal to Federal Court
Reno v. ACLU, 117 S. Ct 2329 (1997)
Reno, Janet
Renton v. Playtime Theatres, Inc., 475 U.S. 41 (1986)
Reporter's Privilege
Reproductive Freedom
Restricting Actions of Legal Services Lawyers
Restrictive Covenants
Retained Rights (IX)
Retribution
Reynolds v. United States, 98 U.S. 145 (1878)
Rhode Island v. Innis, 446 U.S. 291 (1980)
Rice v. Paladin Press - "Hit Man" Case
Richards v. Wisconsin, 520 U.S. 385 (1997)
Richmond Newspapers, Inc. v. Virginia, 448 U.S. 555 (1980)
Ricketts v. Adamson, 483 U.S. 1 (1987)
RICO
Riggins v. Nevada, 504 U.S. 127 (1992)
Right of Access to Criminal Trials
Right of Privacy
Right to Bear Arms (II)
Right to Counsel
Right to Counsel (VI)
Right to Know
Right to Petition
Right to Reply and Right of the Press
Right to Travel
Right to Vote for Individuals with Disabilities
Right v. Privilege Distinction
Rights of the Accused
Ripeness in Free Speech Cases
County of Riverside v. McLaughlin, 500 U.S. 44 (1991)
Rizzo v. Goode, 423 U.S. 362 (1976)
Roberts v. United States Jaycees, 468 U.S. 609 (1984)
Roberts, Owen J.
Robinson v. California, 370 U.S. 660 (1962)
Rochin v. California, 342 U.S. 165 (1952)
Rock v. Arkansas, 483 U.S. 44 (1987)
Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113 (1933)
Roemer v. Maryland Board of Public Works, 426 U.S. 736 (1976)
Romer v. Evans, 517 U.S. 620 (1996)
Roosevelt, Franklin D.
Rorty, Richard
Rosales-Lopez v. United States, 451 U.S. 182 (1981)
Rose v. Locke, 423 U.S. 48 (1975)
Rosenberg, Julius and Ethel
Rosenberger v. University of Virginia, 515 U.S. 819 (1995)
Ross v. Moffitt, 417 U.S. 600 (1974)
Rotary International v. Rotary Club of Duarte, 481 U.S. 537 (1987)
Roth v. United States, 354 U.S. 476 (1957)
Roviaro v. United States, 353 U.S. 53 (1957)
Rowan v. United States Post Office, 397 U.S. 728 (1970)
Ruby Ridge Incident
Rule of Law
Rush, Benjamin
Rust v. Sullivan, 500 U.S. 173 (1991)
Rutan v. Republican Party of Illinois, 497 U.S. 62 (1990)
Rutledge, Wiley
Ryan, George

Sacco and Vanzetti
Saenz v. Roe, 526 U.S. 489 (1999)
Salvation Army and Religious Liberty
Same Sex Adoption
Same Sex Marriage Legalization
Same Sex Unions
Sandstrom v. Montana, 442 U.S. 510 (1979)
Sanger, Margaret
Santa Clara Pueblo v. Martinez, 436 U.S. 49 (1978)
Santa Fe Independent School District v. Doe, 530 U.S. 290 (2000)
Santobello v. New York, 404 U.S. 257 (1971)
Satire and Parody and First Amendment
Saxbe v. Washington Post, 417 U.S. 817 (1974)
Scales v. United States, 367 U.S. 203 (1961)
Scalia, Antonin
Schad v. Mt. Ephraim, 452 U.S. 61 (1981)
Schall v. Martin, 467 U.S. 253 (1984)
Schenck v. United States, 249 U.S. 47 (1919)
Schlafly, Phyllis Stewart
Schmerber v. California, 384 U.S. 757 (1966)
Schneckloth v. Bustamonte, 412 U.S. 218 (1973)
School District of the City of Grand Rapids v. Ball, 473 U.S. 373 (1985)
School Vouchers
Scopes Trial
Scottsboro Trials
Sealed Documents in Court Proceedings
Search (general definition)
Search Warrants
Secondary Effects Doctrine
Secular Humanism and the Public Schools
Secular Purpose
Seditious Libel
Segregation
Seizures
Selective Draft Law Cases (1918), Selective Service Act of 1917
Self Defense
Self-Fulfillment Theory of Free Speech
Self-Governance and Free Speech
Self-incrimination (V): Historical background
Self-incrimination: Miranda and Evolution
Self-representation at Trial
Sentencing Guidelines
Sentencing Reform Act
Servicemembers Legal Defense Network
Seventh Day Adventists and Religious Liberty
Sex and Criminal Justice
Sex and Immigration
Shapiro v. Thompson, 394 U.S. 618 (1969)
Shaughnessey v. United States ex rel. Mezei, 345 U.S. 206 (1953)
Shaw, Lemuel
Shelley v. Kraemer, 334 U.S. 1 (1948)
Shepard, Matthew
Sherbert v. Verner, 374 U.S. 398 (1963)
Sherman Act
Sherman, Roger
Shield Laws
Shopping Centers and Freedom of Speech
Sicurella v. United States, 348 U.S. 385 (1955)
Simopoulos v. Virginia, 462 U.S. 506 (1983)
Sincerity of Religious Belief
Singer v. United States, 380 U.S. 24 (1965)
Skinner v. Oklahoma, 316 U.S. 535 (1942)
Skinner v. Railway Labor Executives' Assoc.489 U.S. 602 (1989) (breath or urine tests)
SLAPP suits (strategic lawsuits against public participation)
Slaughterhouse Cases, 83 U.S. (16 Wall.) 36 (1873)
Slavery
Slavery and Civil Liberties
Smith Act
Smith v. California, 361 U.S. 147 (1959)
Smith v. Organization of Foster Families, 431 U.S. 816 (1977)
Snake-Handling Sects and Religious Liberty
Snepp v. United States, 444 U.S. 507 (1980)
Sodomy Laws
Solem v. Helm, 463 U.S. 277 (1983)
Son of Sam Law
Sorrells v. United States, 287 U.S. 435 (1932)
Souter, David Hackett
South Dakota v. Opperman, 428 U.S. 364 (1976)
Southeastern Promotions v. Conrad, 420 U.S. 546 (1975)
Southern Center for Human Rights
Southern Poverty Law Center
Spano v. New York, 360 U.S. 315 (1959)
Spaziano v. Florida, 468 U.S. 447 (1984)
Speech and Education
Speech and its Relation to Violence
Speech of Government Employees
Speech versus Conduct Distinction
Speedy Trial
Spying on Citizens
Standing in Free Speech Cases
Stanley v. Georgia, 394 U.S. 557 (1969)
Stanton, Elizabeth Cady
Staples v. United States, 511 U.S. 600 (1994)
Stare Decisis
State Action Doctrine
State Aid to Religious Schools
State and Federal Regulation of Immigration
State Constitution, Privacy Provisions
State Constitutional Distinctions
State Constitutions and Civil Liberties
State Constitutions, Modern History, Civil Liberties under
State Courts
State Regulation of Religious Schools
State Religious Freedom Statues
Status Offenses
Statutory Rape
Stay of Execution
Stem Cell Research/Research Using Fetal Tissue
Stenberg v. Carhart, 530 U.S. 914 (2000)
Stevens, John Paul
Stewart, Potter
Stone Court
Stone v. Graham, 449 U.S. 39 (1980)
Stone, Harlan Fiske
Stonewall Riot
Stop and Frisk
Storey, Moorfield
Story, Joseph
Strict Liability
Strossen, Nadine
Student Activity Fees and Free Speech
Student Speech in Public Schools
Subpoenas to Reporters
Substantive Due Process
Summer, Charles
Sunday Closing Cases and Laws
Sunday Mail
Supremacy Clause in Article VI of the Constitution
Suspended Right of Habeas Corpus
Swain v. Alabama, 380 U.S. 202 (1965)
S. Warren and L. Brandeis, "The Right to Privacy", 4 Harvard L. Rev. (1890)
Swearinger v. United States, 161 U.S. 446 (1896)
Symbolic Speech

Taft Court
Taft, William Howard
Taft-Hartley Act of 1947
Takings Clause (V)
Taney Court
Tax Exemptions for Religious Groups and Clergy
Taxpayer Standing to Challenge Establishment Clause Violations
Taylor v. Illinois, 484 U.S. 400 (1988)
Taylor v. Louisiana, 419 U.S. 522 (1975)
Teacher Speech in Public Schools
Teaching "Creation Science" in Public Schools
Teaching Evolution in Public Schools
Ten Commandments on Display in Public Buildings
Tennessee v. Garner, 471 U.S. 1 (1985)
Terrorism and Civil Liberties
Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1 (1968)
Test Oath Cases
Texas Monthly, Inc. v. Bullock, 489 U.S. 1 (1989)
Theories of Civil Liberties
Theories of Civil Liberties, International
Theories of Free Speech Protection
Theories of Punishment
Thirteenth Amendment
Thomas, Clarence
Thornburgh v. Abbott, 490 U.S. 401 (1989)
Thornburgh v. American College of Obstetricians, 476 U.S. 747 (1986)
Threats and Free Speech
Three Strikes/Proportionality
Tibbs v. Florida, 457 U.S. 31 (1982)
Tileston v. Ullman, 318 U.S. 44 (1943)
Tilton v. Richardson, 403 U.S. 672 (1971)
Time Inc. v. Hill, 385 U.S. 374 (1967)
Time, Place, and Manner Rule
Tinker v. Des Moines School District, 393 U.S. 503 (1969)
Title VII and Religious Exemptions
Tony and Susan Alamo Foundation v. Secretary of Labor, 471 U.S. 290 (1985)
Torcaso v. Watkins, 367 U.S. 488 (1961)
Trademarks and the Establishment Clause
Traditional Public Forums
Treason
Treason Clause
Trial in Civil Cases (VII)
Trial of the Seven Bishops
Tribe, Laurence
Trop v. Dulles, 356 U.S. 86 (1958)
Turner Broadcasting v. FCC I and II
Turner v. Safley, 482 U.S. 78 (1987)
Two-tiered Theory of Freedom of Speech

Ulster County Court v. Allen, 442 U.S. 140 (1979)
Unconstitutional Conditions
Undocumented Migrants
United Nations Subcommission on Freedom of Information and of the Press
United States v. 12 200-Foot Reels of Super 8mm. Film, 413 U.S. 123 (1973)
United States v. 37 Photographs, 402 U.S. 363 (1971)
United States v. 92 Buena Vista Avenue, 507 U.S. 111 (1993)
United States v. Agurs, 427 U.S. 97 (1976)
United States v. Ash, 413 U.S. 300 (1973)
United States v. Balsys, 524 U.S. 666 (1998)
United States v. Brignoni-Ponce, 422 U.S. 873 (1975)
United States v. Calandra, 414 U.S. 338 (1974)
United States v. Cruikshank, 92 U.S. 542 (1876)
United States v. Dionisio, 410 U.S. 1 (1973)
United States v. Grimaud, 220 U.S. 506 (1911)
United States v. Havens, 446 U.S. 620 (1980)
United States v. Hudson and Goodwin, 11 U.S. 32 (1812)
United States v. Kahriger, 345 U.S. 22 (1953)
United States v. Lee, 455 U.S. 252 (1982)
United States v. Leon, 468 U.S. 897 (1984)
United States v. Lovasco, 431 U.S. 783 (1977)
United States v. Lovett, 328 U.S. 303 (1946)
United States v. Miller 307 U.S. 174 (1939)
United States v. Miller, 425 U.S. 435 (1976)
United States v. O'Brien, 391 U.S. 367 (1968)
United States v. One Book Entitled "Ulysses", 72 E. 2nd 705 (1934)
United States v. Playboy Entertainment Group, 529 U.S. 803 (2000)
United States v. Ramirez, 523 U.S. 65 (1998)
United States v. Reidel, 402 U.S. 351 (1971)
United States v. Robinson, 414 U.S. 218 (1973)
United States v. Schoon, 971 F.2d 193 (9th Cir. 1991)
United States v. Schwimmer, 279 U.S. 644 (1929)
United States v. Seeger, 380 U.S. 163 (1965)
United States v. Tateo, 377 U.S. 463 (1964)
United States v. The Progressive, Inc., 467 F. Supp. 990 (W.D. Wis. 1979)
United States v. United States District Court, 407 U.S. 297 (1972)
United States v. Verdugo-Urquidez, 494 U.S. 259 (1990)
United States v. Wade, 388 U.S. 218 (1967)
United States v. Washington, 431 U.S. 181 (1977)
United States v. Watson, 423 U.S. 411 (1976)
Universities and Public Forums
University of Wisconsin v. Southworth, 529 U.S. 217 (2000)
Urofsky v. Gilmore, 216 F.3d 401 (2000)

Vagrancy Laws
Vagueness and Overbreadth in Criminal Statutes
Vagueness Doctrine
Valentine v. Chrestensen, 316 U.S. 52 (1942)
Vance v. Universal Amusement Company, 445 U.S. 208 (1980)
Vernonia School District 47J v. Acton (94-590), 515 U.S. 646 (1995)
Vice Products and Commercial Speech
Victim Impact Statements
Victimless Crimes
Victims' Rights
Vidal v. Girard's Executor, 43 U.S. 127 (1844)
Video Privacy Protection Act (1980)
Viewpoint Discrimination in Free Speech Cases
Vinson Court
Vinson, Fred M.
Virginia Charter of 1606
Virginia Declaration of Rights
Virginia State Board of Pharmacy v. Virginia Citizens Consumer Council, Inc., 425 U.S. 748 (1976)
Virginia Statute of Religious Liberty
Virginia v. Black, 123 S.Ct. 1536 (2003)
Void for Vagueness
Voting Rights (Compound)
Voting Rights Act of 1965

Waco/Branch Davidians
Waite Court
Walker, David
Wall of Separation
Wallace v. Jaffree, 472 U.S. 38 (1985)
Walz v. Tax Commission of City of New York, 397 U.S. 664 (1970)
War on Drugs
Warden v. Hayden, 387 U.S. 294 (1967)
Warrant Clause (IV)
Warrantless Searches
Warren Court
Warren, Earl
Wartime Legislation
Washington v. Glucksberg, 117 S.Ct. 2258 (1997)
Washington v. Texas, 388 U.S. 14 (1967)
Watson v. Jones, 80 U.S. 679 (1872)
Watts v. United States, 394 U.S. 705 (1969)
Webb v. Texas, 409 U.S. 95 (1972)
Webster v. Reproductive Health Services, 492 U.S. 490 (1989)
Weddington, Sarah
Weeks v. United States, 232 U.S. 383 (1914)
Weems v. United States, 217 U.S. 349 (1910)
Welch, Joseph
Wells, Ida B.
West Virginia Board of Education v. Barnette, 319 U.S. 624 (1943)
Whistleblowers
White Court
White, Byron R.
Whitney v. California, 274 U.S. 357 (1927)
William Penn's Case
Williams, Roger
Wilson v. Layne, 526 U.S. 603 (1999)
Wilson, Woodrow
Wiretap Laws
Wisconsin v. Mitchell, 508 U.S. 476 (1993)
Wisconsin v. Yoder, 406 U.S. 205 (1972)
Witters v. Washington Dept of Services for the Blind, 474 U.S. 481 (1986)
Wolf v. Colorado, 338 U.S. 25 (1949)
Wolman v. Walter, 433 U.S. 229 (1977)
Wong Sun v. United States, 371 U.S. 471 (1963)
World War I, Civil Liberties in
World War II, Civil Liberties in
Writs of Assistance Act
Wyman v. James, 400 U.S. 309 (1971)
Wyoming v. Houghton, 526 U.S. 295 (1999)

Yates v. United States, 354 U.S. 298 (1957)
Young v. American Mini Theaters, 427 U.S. 50 (1976)
Younger v. Harris, 401 U.S. 37 (1971)

Zablocki v. Redhail, 434 U.S. 374 (1978)
Zacchini v. Scripps Howard Broadcasting Company, 433 U.S. 562 (1977)
Zelman v. Simmons-Harris, 536 U.S. 639 (2002)
Zenger Trial (1735)
Zobrest v. Catalina Foothills School Dist., 509 U.S. 1 (1993)
Zoning and Religious Entities
Zoning Laws and "Adult" Businesses Dealing with Sex
Zoning Laws and Freedom of Speech
Zorach v. Clauson, 343 U.S. 306 (1952)
Zurcher v. Stanford Daily, 436 U.S. 547 (1978)

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