Encyclopedia of Criminology

(List is not final and is subject to change prior to publication.)

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P R S T U V W Y Z

Howard Abadinsky, St. John's University
Organized Crime: Activities and Extent; Organized Crime: Definitions and Models; Organized Crime: Italian-American Mafia; Organized Crime: Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs; Organized Crime: Sicilian Mafia; Organized Crime: Theories

Cynthia G. Adams, Central Missouri State University
Trespass

Robert Agnew, Emory University
Sociological Theories of Criminal Behavior; Strain Theories: From Durkheim to Merton; Strain Theories: Recent Developments

Ronald L. Akers, University of Florida
Cressey, Donald

Leanne Fiftal Alarid, University of Missouri – Kansas City
Incapacitation (Collective and Selective)

Geoffrey P. Alpert, University of South Carolina
Short, James

Shahid Alvi, University of St. Thomas
Left Realism

Robert Apel, University of Maryland
Youth Work and Crime

James B. Appel, University of South Carolina
Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD)

David Baker, University of Toledo, Ohio
Labeling and Symbolic Interaction Theories of Criminal Behavior; Loan Sharking

Ralph Baker, Ball State University
Politics and Crime Policies

Jeremy D. Ball, Boise State University
Criminal Law: Reform

James David Ballard, California State University, Northridge
Sykes, Gresham

Rosemary Barbaret, Universidad Carlos III, Spain
International Crime Statistics: Data Sources and Interpretation; International Crime Statistics: Juvenile Delinquency and Youth Crime; International Crime Trends

Thomas Barker, Eastern Kentucky University
Gambling, Illegal

Allan R. Barnes, University of Alaska, Anchorage
Jeffery, Clarence Ray

Ronald Becker, Chaminade University of Honolulu
Administrative Law; Homicide: The Law

Gad J. Bensinger, Loyola University, Chicago
Israel, Crime and Justice in

Michael L. Benson, University of Cincinnati
White-Collar Crime: Definitions; White-Collar Crime: Theories

Ashley Blackburn, Sam Houston State University
Amphetamines

William P. Bloss, The Citadel
Accomplices, Aiding, and Abetting; Attempted and Incomplete Offenses

Scott Blough, Tifflin University
Sheriffs

John Boal, University of Akron
Gangs: The Law; Theft, Professional

Rachel Boba, Police Foundation
Crime Mapping

Robert M. Bohm, University of Central Florida
Capital Punishment: United States History; Capital Punishment: World History

Ulla V. Bondeson, University of Copenhagen
Scandanavia, Crime and Justice in

Timothy Brezina, Tulane University
Boot Camps and Shock Incarceration

Ramona Brockett, Northern Kentucky University
Criminology and Criminal Justice Careers; Warrants and Subpeonas

Alison McKenney Brown, Wichita State University
Assault and Battery: Extent and Correlates; Larceny/Theft: Extent and Correlates; Preliminary Hearings

Kristine A. Brown, U.S. District Court for the Western District of Virginia
Due Process; Prisons: Women's Facilities

Nancy K. Brown, University of South Carolina
Women and Addictions

Stephen E. Brown, East Tennessee State University
Classical Criminology; Criminology: Definition; Peel, Sir Robert

Clifton D. Bryant, Virginia Tech University
Military Justice: The Police

Kevin M. Bryant, Benedictine University
Robbery: Extent and Correlates; Quetelet, Adolphe

Michael Bryant, University of Toledo
Babylonian Legal Tradition; English Legal Tradtions; Genocide; Organized Crime: Irish, Jewish, and German Mobsters; Lynching

Ronald G.Burns, Texas Christian University
White-Collar Crime: Enforcement Strategies

James D. Calder, University of Texas at San Antonio
Hoover, John Edgar; Organized Crime: Black Mafia

Dawn Caldwell, Isle of Palms Police Department
Police: Forensic Evidence

Lisa A. Callahan, Russell Sage College
Insanity and Diminished Responsibility as Defense to Criminal Liability; Mental Illness and Criminal Behavior

Dean John Champion, Texas A & M University at Laredo
Sentencing Guidelines, United States

Chau-Pu Chiang, California State University, Stanislaus
Evaluation and Policy Research; Survey Research

John K. Cochran, University of South Florida
Religion and Criminal Behavior

Ellen G. Cohn, Florida International University
Climate and Criminal Behavior; Farrington, David P.; Citation Research in Criminology and Criminal Justice; Sherman, Lawrence W.

Anthony J. Connolly, Australian National University
Clemency and Pardons

Norman Conti, West Virginia University
Police: Vice and Special Units

Heith Copes, University of Alabama Birmingham
Hackers: History, Motivations, and Activities; Motor Vehicle Theft: Extent and Correlates; Motor Vehicle Theft: The Law

Gary Cordner, Eastern Kentucky University
Police: Administration and Organization; Police: Patrol

Ronald D. Crelinsten, Middle East Technical University
Hostage Taking and Negotiations

Michael Cretacci, The Citadel
Police History: England

Katherine Culotta, Indiana State University
Hate Crime

Eugene H. Czajkoski, Florida State University
Presentence Investigation Reports (PSIR)

Dean Dabney, Georgia State University
Typologies of Crime and Criminal Behavior

Leah E. Daigle, University of North Texas
Biochemical Theories of Criminal Behavior; Rape, Statutory

Lanette P. Dalley, Minot State University
Child Abuse: The Law; Domestic Assault: The Law; Juvenile Delinquency: Definitions and the Law

Jacqueline Davis, University of Arkansas at Little Rock
Child Abuse: Prevention and Treatment

L. Edward Day, Penn State Altoona
War Crimes

Mathieu Deflem, University of South Carolina
International Police Cooperation, History of; International Policing: Role of the United States

Walter S. DeKeseredy, Ohio University
Chesney-Lind, Leda; Social Support Theory; Young, Jock

Alejandro del Carmen, Sam Houston State University
Central America, Crime and Justice in

Matthew DeMichele, University of Louisville
Counterfeiting; Statute of Limitations as a Defense to Criminal Liability

Linda B. Deutschmann, University-College of the Cariboo
Canada, Crime and Justice in; Criminal Justice System: Definitions and Components; Halfway Houses and Day Reporting Centers; Inquisitorial Justice

Mary Dodge, University of Colorado at Denver
Chambliss, William J.; Simon, Rita

Kimberly D. Dodson, Indiana University of Pennsylvania
Prisons and the Rule of Law

Amy V. D'Unger, Emory University
Feminist Theories of Criminal Behavior

Mary Ann Eastep, University of Central Florida
PretrialDentention/Preventive Detention

Werner J. Einstadter, Eastern Michigan University
Robbery as an Occupation

O. Oko Elechi, University of Wisconsin - Parkside
African Indigenous Justice System; Nigeria, Corruption in

Lee Ellis, Minot State University
Genetic Theories of Criminal Behavior; Neurophysiological Theories of Criminal Behavior

Michael C. Elsner, William Paterson University
Arraignment; Arrest; Drug Use: The Law

Nicola Epprecht, Ministry of Community, Family and Children's Services and Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care
Mertin, Robert K.

Edna Erez, Kent State University
Victims' Rights

David P. Farrington, University of Cambridge
Citation Research in Criminology and Criminal Justice

Ezzat A. Fattah, Simon Fraser University
Victimization, Crime: Theories about Vulnerability; Victimology

Theodore N. Ferdinand, Southern Illinois University
Historical Research; Juvenile Justice: History and Philosophy

Jeff Ferrell, Northern Arizona University
Cultural Criminology

Chuck Fields, Eastern Kentucky University
International Imprisonment: Rates and Conditions; Ukraine, Crime and Justice in

Jim Finckenauer, Rutgers University
Organized Crime: Russian Mafia

Bonnie S. Fisher, University of Cincinnati
Campus Crime; International Crime Statistics: Data Sources and Interpretation; International Crime Statistics: Juvenile Delinquency and Youth Crime; International Crime Trends; Rape, Acquaintance and Date; Rape, Forcible: Extent and Correlates

Kelly E. Fitz, Chicago, IL
Electronic Surveillance and Wiretapping

Ben Fitzpatrick, University of Leeds
Actus Reus (The Criminal Act)

David R. Forde, University of Memphis
Traffic Offenses; Official and Unofficial Measures of Criminal Behavior

Robert A. Foster Jr., University of South Carolina
Asset Forfeiture

David O. Friedrichs, University of Scranton
Crime, Definitions of; Occupational Crime; Quinney, Richard

Tina M. Fryling, Mercyhurst College
Accident as a Defense to Criminal Liability; Assault and Battery: The Law; Bail: Right to; Mistake of Fact as a Defense to Criminal Liability

John R. Fuller, State University of West Georgia Peacemaking Criminology; Riots: Extent and Correlates

Thomas Gabor, University of Ottawa
Firearms and Criminal Behavior

Phyllis P. Gerstenfeld, California State University, Stanislaus
Habeas Corpus; Juvenile Justice: Due Process; Mens Rea (Criminal Intent)

Chris L. Gibson, University of South Florida
Exhibitionism and Voyeurism; Police: Race and Racial Profiling

Michael J. Gilbert, University of Texas at San Antonio
Drug Use and Criminal Behavior; Drug Use: Extent and Correlates

Deirdre Golash, American University
Punishment Justifications

Zenta Gomez-Smith, University of Florida
Elderly in Prison, The

Jill A. Gordon, Virginia Commonwealth University
Intensive Supervision Programs (ISP)

Angela Gover, University of South Carolina
Victim Compensation Programs

Peter Grabosky, Australian National University
Braithwaite, John

Diana Grant, Sonoma State University
Discretion and the Criminal Justice System; Juries and Juror Selection; Trial, The Right to

Patricia Grant, Virginia Commonwealth University
Perjury

Robert E. Grubb Jr., Marshall University
Police: Rural

John Hagan, Mercyhurst College
Homelessless and Criminal Behavior

James L. Hague, Virginia Commonwealth University
Public Drunkeness

Daniel E. Hall, Miami University Hamilton -Ohio
Aggravating/Mitigating Circumstances; Indictment (Filing an Information); Micronesia, Crime and Justice in

Mark Halsey, Flinders University of South Australia
Australia, Crime and Justice in

Robert D. Hanser, University of Louisiana at Monroe
Adultery and Fornication; France, Crime and Justice in

Richard D. Hartley, University of Nebraska at Omaha
Bail: Reform

Hennessey Hayes, Griffith University
Differential Association Theory; Restorative Justice

Melody M. Heaps, Treatment Alternatives for Safer Communities (TASC)
Drug Control Policy: Enforcement, Interdiction, and the War on Drugs

Craig Hemmens, Boise State University
Defenses to Criminal Liability: Justifications and Excuses; Elements of Crime; Evidentiary Standards: Burden of Proof; Larceny/Theft: The Law; Self-Defense as a Defense to Criminal Liability

Stuart Henry, Wayne State University
Critical Criminology; Postmodernism and Constitutive Theories of Criminal Behavior

Wendy L. Hicks, Michigan State University
Police: Municipal/Urban

Laurel Holland, State University of West Georgia
Cloward, Richard; Reckless, Walter

Alexander M. Holsinger, University of Missouri – Kansas City
Classification of Offenders

Kristy Holtfreter, Michigan State University
Eyewitness Identification

Brunon Holyst, University of Lodz, Poland
Poland, Crime and Justice in; Vandalism

Ross Homel, Griffith University
Driving under the Influence (DUI)

James Houston, Grand Valley State University
Prisons: Administration and Organization

Megan Howell, Columbia, SC
Radzinowicz, Sir Leon

Wendelin M. Hume, University of North Dakota (with Sherina M. Hume)
Victimization, Crimes: Financial Loss and Personal Suffering

Sean Huss, University of Tennessee, Knoxville
Hackers: History, Motivations, and Activities

Michelle Inderbitzin, Oregon State University
Juvenile Justice: Corrections

David Indermaur, University of Western Australia
Public Opinion and Criminal Behavior

Mark Israel, Flinders University
Australia, Crime and Justice in

Nicky Ali Jackson, Purdue University
Same-Sex Domestic Violence

Marianne James, Australian Institute of Criminology
Art Crime

Alison Jamieson, Control Risks Group
International Policing: Coordination against Organized Crime in Europe

David Jenks, California State University at Los Angeles
International Policing: Cooperation among Nations in the European Union

Wesley Jennings, University of South Carolina
Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA); Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI); Genealogical Studies of Crime

Gary Jensen, Vanderbilt University
Criminology: Historical Development; Self-Esteem and Criminal Behavior; Social Control Theories of Criminal Behavior; Social Disorganization Theory; Witchcraft and Heresy

Arthur Jipson, University of Dayton
Occult Crimes

W. Wesley Johnson, Sam Houston State University
Amphetamines; Kidnapping

William Jonas, University of Texas at San Antonio
Marshals Service, United States

David M. Jones, University of Wisconsin – Oshkosh
Self-Representation, The Right to; Witnesses, The Right to Confront

Matti Joutsen, Ministry of Justice, Finland
Eastern and Central Europe, Crime and Justice in; International Crime and the United Nations

Rebecca S. Katz, Morehead State University
Family Relationships and Criminal Behavior

David Kauzlarich, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville
Crime, Defintions of; Political Crimes of the State

Michael Kempa, Australian National University
Police: Contemporary Development; Prisons, Problems and Recent Developments in

Daniel B. Kennedy, University of Detroit Mercy
Workplace Violence

Martin Killias, University of Lausanne
Comparative Crime and Justice; Switzerland, Crime and Justice in

Anna King, University of Cambridge
Vigilante Violence

Malcolm W. Klein, University of Southern California
Gangs, Street; Gangs: European Street

Carl B. Klockars, University of Delaware
Police: Detectives; Receiving Stolen Goods

Barbara A. Koons-Witt, University of South Carolina
Work Release

Peter Kraska, Eastern Kentucky University
Criminal Justice Theorizing

John T. Krimmel, The College of New Jersey
Arson: Extent and Correlates; Arson: The Law

Hamid R. Kusha, Texas A &M International University
Islamic Legal Traditions

Samantha S. Kwan, University of Maryland
Natural Law

Robyn D. Lacks, Virginia Department of Education
Personality Theories of Criminal Behavior

Jodi Lane, University of Florida
Petersilia, Joan

Lynn Langton, University of Florida
Forgery

Dennis Laster, Central Missouri State University
Elder Abuse; Grand Juries

Richard Lawrence, St. Cloud State University
Schools and Delinquent Behavior

Richard A. Leo, University of California-Irvine
Interrogation and Confessions

Kim Michelle Lersch, University of South Florida
Police: Disciplinary Actions and Internal Affairs

Michael Levi, Cardiff University
Money Laundering

Elena Licu, University of Cincinnati
International Crime Statistics: Data Sources and Interpretation; International Crime Statistics: Juvenile Delinquency and Youth Crime; International Crime Trends

John Liederbach, University of North Texas
Physicians and the Pharmaceutical Industry, Crimes by

J. Robert Lilly, Northern Kentucky University
House Arrest and Electronic Monitoring

Jianhong Liu, Rhode Island College
China, Crime and Justice in

Wayne A. Logan, William Mitchell College of Law
Duress as a Defense to Criminal Liability

M. Patrick Long, Criminal Justice Academy
Law Enforcement: Careers; Police: Personalities and Subcultures; Secret Service, United States; Criminal Anthropology

Arthur J. Lurigio, Loyola University
Drug Control Policy: Enforcement, Interdiction, and the War on Drugs; Heroin

Joan Luxenburg, University of Central Oklahoma
Prostitution: Extent, Correlates, and Forms

John M. MacDonald, University of South Carolina
National Institute of Justice (NIJ)

M. Kimberly MacLin, University of Northern Iowa
Psychological Theories of Criminal Behavior

Otto H. MacLin, University of Northern Iowa
Phrenology

Sean Maddan, University of Nebraska at Omaha
Burglary: The Law; Corporal Punishment; Glueck, Sheldon and Eleanor

Jess Maghan, University of Illinois at Chicago
Prisons: Correctional Oficers and Staff

Toni Makkai, Australian Institute of Criminology
Braithwaite, John

Stephen Mallory, University of Southern Mississippi
Drug Trafficking as an Occupation

Michael D. Maltz, University of Illinois at Chicago
Uniform Crime Reports (UCR)

Otwin Marenin, Washington State University
Criminology and Criminal Justice: A Comparison; Sub-Saharan Africa, Crime and Justice in

Satenik Margaryan, Rutgers University
Guilty Pleas and Plea Bargaining

Nancy Marion, University of Akron
Akers, Ronald L.; Colonial America, Crime and Justice in; Customs Service, United States

Ineke Haen Marshall, University of Nebraska at Omaha
Bonger, Willem

Shadd Maruna, University of Cambridge
Neutralization/Drift Theory; Vigilante Violence

Ross L. Matsueda, University of Washington
Cressey, Donald

Rick A. Matthews, Ohio University
Courts in the United States: Supreme Court

Michael O. Maume, Ohio University
Masculinity Theory

David C. May, Eastern Kentucky University
Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms, Bureau of (ATF); Body-Type Theories of Criminal Behavior; Community Corrections; Firearms: The Law; Juvenile Delinquency and Youth Crime Throughout History; Juvenile Delinquency: Extent, Correlates, and Trends; Prisons: Inmate Populations and Subcultures; Social Learning Theory; Incivilities Theory

G. Larry Mays, New Mexico State University
Conspiracy to Commit a Crime; Courts in the United States: Structure and Functions; Jails: Purposes, Populations, and Problems; Juvenile Justice: The Courts; Sentences and Sentencing: Guidelines; Status Offenses

Lorraine Green Mazerolle, Griffith University
Crime Prevention; Law Enforcement: Community Policing

N. Jane McCandless, State University of West Georgia
Prostitution as an Occupation

Bill McCarthy, University of California, Davis
Homelessless and Criminal Behavior

Candace McCoy, Rutgers University
Guilty Pleas and Plea Bargaining

Jessica McGowan, University of South Carolina
Drug Control Policy: Legalization and Decriminalization; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Warrants and Subpoenas

Gill McIvor, University of Stirling
Community Service and Restitution Programs

LaVerne McQuiller Williams, Rochester Institute of Technology
Corpus Delicti

Juan Jose Medina Ariza, University of Manchester
Spain, Crime and Justice in

John Memory, Livingstone College
Sentences and Sentencing: Types

Scott Menard, University of Colorado-Boulder
Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Research; Integrated Theories of Criminal Behavior; Intelligence (IQ) and Criminal Behavior; Self-Report Research; Victimization, Repeated

Kenneth Mentor, New Mexico State University
Mediation and Dispute Resolution Programs

Fred Meyer, Ball State University
Politics and Crime Policies

Raymond J. Michalowski, Northern Arizona University
Cuba, Crime and Justice in; Social Class and Criminal Behavior

Terance D. Miethe, University of Nevada at Las Vegas
Victim Precipitation

Alexis J. Miller, Middle Tennessee State University
Neo-Nazi Groups

J. Mitchell Miller, University of South Carolina
Cohen, Albert; Criminology as a Social Science; Drug Control Policy: Legalization and Decriminalization; Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA); Gangs: Theories; Native American Crime and Justice; Penal Colonies; Qualitative Research; Subcultural Theories of Criminal Behavior

Milo Miller, Southeast Missouri State University
Appeals and Post-Trial Motions

William J. Miller
Gambling, Legal

Patricia Millhoff, University of Akron
Criminal Courts: Felony

Dragan Milovanovic, Northeastern Illinois University
Postmodernism and Constitutive Theories of Criminal Behavior

Stephanie Mizrahi, Washington State University
Counsel, The Right to; Self-Incriminantion, The Privilege against

David L. Monk, California State University, Sacramento
Survey Research

Reid Montgomery, University of South Carolina
Prison Riots

Robert Moore, University of Southern Mississippi
Criminal Law: Definition, Sources, and Types

Nathan R. Moran, Midwestern State University
International Court of Justice (World Court); Organized Crime: Chinese Tongs and Triads; Organized Crime: Colombiam Cartels; Organized Crime: Cuban Gangs; Organized Crime: Enforcement Strategies; Organized Crime: The Law

Stephen J. Morewitz
Obsession

Phoebe Morgan, Northern Arizona University
Sexual Harassment

Laura J. Moriarity, Virginia Commonwealth University
Adler, Freda

Kenneth L. Mullen, Appalachian State University
Vollmer, August and O. W. Wilson

Christopher W. Mullins, Southwestern Illinois College
Medieval Europe, Crime and Justice in

Roslyn Muraskin, Long Island University – C. W. Post Campus
Abortion

Elizabeth Ehrhardt Mustaine, University of Central Florida
Routine Activities Theory

David L. Myers, Indiana University of Pennsylvania
Deterrence, General; Deterrence, Specific

Greg Newbold, University of Canterbury
New Zealand, Crime and Justice in

Grant Niemann, Flinders University
International Criminal Law; International Criminal Tribunals

James J. Nolan III, West Virginia University
Police: Vice and Special Units

Dana M. Nurge, Northeastern University
Gangs: Definitions; Prisons, Privatized

Thomas O'Connor, North Carolina Wesleyan College
Educational Programs in Criminology and Criminal Justice; Victimization, Crime: Prevention and Protection

Emma Ogilvie, Australian Institute of Criminology
Stalking

Gregory P. Orvis, The University of Texas at Tyler
Gangs: Enforcement, Intervention, and Prevention Strategies

Marc Ouimet, Université de Montréal
Environmental Theory

Deborah Pace, ERMC Security Director, Brookwood Village, Birmingham, Alabama
Shoplifting

Francis J. Pakes, University of Portsmouth
Netherlands, Crime and Justice in

Wilson R. Palacios, University of South Florida
Club Drugs; Designer Drugs

Michael J. Palmiotto, Wichita State University
Police Crime

Demetra M. Pappas, Bryant College
Criminalization and Decriminalization; Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide; Suicide: The Law

Matthew Pate, University of Arkansas – Little Rock
Radical Theories of Criminal Behavior; Search and Seizure

Allan L. Patenaude, University of Arkansas – Little Rock
Diversion and Diversion Programs; Customary Law

Marc A. Patenaude, University of Arkansas – Little Rock
Diversion and Diversion Programs

Anthony Petrosino, Harvard University
Experimental Research/Radomized Experiments

Heather Pfeifer, University of Baltimore
Prediction of Criminal Behavior

Alex R. Piquero, University of Florida
Criminal Careers/Chronic Offenders; Educational Attainment and Criminal Behavior; Forgery; Life-Course and Developmental Theories of Criminal Behavior

Nicole Leeper Piquero, University of Florida
Police: Occupational Problems; Recividism

Gary W. Potter, Eastern Kentucky University
Cocaine; Police History: United States

Tim Prenzler, Griffith University
Police: Brutality and Corruption; Private Investigators

Johan Prinsloo, South Africa University
South Africa, Crime and Justice in

Amy Reckdenwald, University of South Florida
Police: Race and Racial Profiling

Robert M. Regoli, University of Colorado
Differential Oppression Theory

Rosalva Resendiz, Texas Woman's University
Gangs: Prison

Stephen C. Richards, Northern Kentucky University
Convict Criminology

Kimberly D. Richman, University of San Francisco
Homosexuality; Victimless Crimes

Marc Riedel, Southern Illinois University
Homicide: Mass Murder and Serial Killings; Homicide: Muder-for-Hire

Julian V. Roberts, University of Ottawa
Public Opinion and the Criminal Justice System; Retribution

Amanda L. Robinson, Cardiff University
Law Enforcement

Matthew B. Robinson, Appalachian State University
Burglary: Extent and Correlates; National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)

Michael R. Ronczkowski, RAILE Group and Miami-Dade Police Department
Terrorism

Debra E. Ross, Buffalo State College
Environmental Crimes; White-Collar Crime: The Law

Jeffrey Ian Ross, University of Baltimore
Convict Criminology; Political Crimes against the State; Sedition and Treason

James Rotton, Florida International University
Climate and Criminal Behavior

William J. Ruefle, University of South Florida
Curfews

Jeffrey P. Rush, University of Tennessee
Ecclesiastical Law and Justice; Gangs: Enforcement, Intervention, and Prevention Strategies; Shoplifting; Wilson, James Q.

Steve Russell, Indiana University at Bloomington
Consent as a Defense to Criminal Liability; Criminal Courts: Personnel; Necessity as a Defense to Criminal Liability; Battered Women Defense to Criminal Liability

Amie R. Scheigegger, Charleston Southern University
Consumers, Crimes against

Hans Joachim Schneider, University of Westfalia
Germany, Crime and Justice in; Sellin, Thorsten

Andrea Schoepfer, University of Florida
Educational Attainment and Criminal Behavior

Christopher J. Schreck, Illinois State University
Self-Control Theory; Hirschi, Travis

Jennifer Schwartz, Pennsylvania State University
Gender and Criminal Behavior

Martin D. Schwartz, Ohio University
Gambling, Legal; Rape, Marital; Prisons, Privatized

Donald Scott, University of Evansville
Bank Robbery; Reiss, Albert J.

Hannah Scott, University of Memphis
Becker, Howard S.

Richard W. Sears, Wright State University
Psychological Autopsy

Lance Selva, Middle Tennessee State University
Asset Forfeiture

Brion Sever, Monmouth University
Criminal Courts: Administration and Organization; Pornography and Criminal Behavior

Joseph F. Sheley, California State University, Sacramento
Conflict and Consensus Theories of Law; Firearms: Controversies over Policies

William L. Shulman, Middle Tennessee State University
Exclusionary Rule, The

J. Eagle Shutt, University of South Carolina
Criminal Courts: Problems in; Judges; Prosecuting Attorneys; Trials, Criminal

David R. Simon, University of North Florida
Bribery and Graft; Prostitution: The Law

Barbara Sims, Pennsylvania State University at Harrisburg
Marxist Theories of Criminal Behavior; Sampson, Robert

John J. Sloan III, University of Alabama at Birmingham
Fear of Crime; Victimization, Crime: Characteristics of Victims

Brad Smith, University of South Carolina
Psychopathy and Criminal Behavior

Michael R. Smith, University of South Carolina
Equal Protection

Jacqueline Smith-Mason, Virginia Commonwealth University
Blumstein, Alfred

Georgia Spiropoulos, University of Cincinnati
Rape, Forcible: Extent and Correlates

Steven Stack, Wayne State University
Suicide: Extent and Correlates; Suicide: The Law

Loretta J. Stalans, Loyola University Chicago
Child Molestation; Incest; Internal Revenue Service (IRS); Public Opinion and the Criminal Justice System; Retribution

Debra L. Stanley, Central Connecticut State University
Domestic Assault: Prevention and Treatment; Prison History: United States

Darrell J. Steffensmeier, Pennsylvania State University
Age and Criminal Behavior; Gender and Criminal Behavior

Gene Stephens, University of South Carolina
Crime Commission Reports; Demonology; Law Enforcement Assistance Administration; Mass Media and Crime and Justice; United States Frontier, Crime and Justice in

Dennis J. Stevens, Salem State College
Prison History: Continental Europe and England

Mark Stevens, North Carolina Wesleyan College
Military Justice: Courts, the Law, and Punishment

Anna Stewart, Griffith University
Evolutionary Theories of Criminal Behavior

Sandra S. Stone, State University of West Georgia
Child Abuse: Extent and Correlates

Sean C. Stucker, University of South Carolina
Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS)

Yumi Suzuki, SUNY – Albany
Judeo-Christian Legal Traditions

Cheryl Swanson, University of West Florida
Intermediate Sanctions

Kathleen M. Sweet, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
Russia, Crime and Justice in Modern; Terrorism: The Law; Warfare and Criminal Behavior

Noriyoshi Takemura, Toin University of Yokohama
Japan, Crime and Justice in; Organized Crime: Japanese Mobsters

Laura Talbott, University of South Carolina
Marijuana

Becky Tatum, University of Houston-Clear Lake
Discrimination in Justice; Gangs: Race and Ethnicity

Jennifer Tatum, University of South Carolina
Lombroso, Cesare

Kimberly Tatum, University of West Florida
Defense Attorneys; Felonies and Misdemeanors

Faye Taxman, University of Maryland
Prediction of Criminal Behavior

Morris A. Taylor, Southern Illinois University
Criminal Justice System: Models of Operation

Richard Tewksbury, University of Louisville
Corrections: Careers; Counterfeiting; Legal Careers; Rehabilitation and Treatment; Routine Activities Theory; Statute of Limitations as a Defense to Criminal Liability

Amy Thistlethwaite, Northern Kentucky University
Domestic Assault: Extent and Correlates; Institutional Corrections; Juvenile Delinquency, Theories of

William E. Thornton, Loyola University in New Orleans
Employee Theft and Inventory Shrinkage; Investigative (Psychological) Profiling; Police: Private Security Forces

Gabriel Thrasher, Midwestern State University
International Court of Justice (World Court)

Quint C. Thurman, Texas State University-San Marcos
Tax Evasion and Tax Fraud

Stephen G. Tibbetts, California State University – San Bernadino
Obscenity

Victoria Time, Old Dominion University
Solicitation to Commit Crime; Superior Orders as a Defense to Criminal Liability

Jeffrey A. Tipton, South Carolina Department of Public Safety
Aggression and Criminal Behavior; Gangs: Female; Juvenile Delinquency, Girls and

Misti Tobias, Sam Houston State University
Kidnapping

Stephen Tombs, John Moores University
Corporate Crime

Pamela Tontodonato, Kent State University
Cohort Research; Wolfgang, Marvin E.

Sam Torres, California State University-Long Beach
Corrections: Federal Bureau of Prisons; Parole; Probation; Probation and Parole: Careers; Organized Crime: Mexican Mafia

Gordon B. Trasler, University of Southampton
Antisocial Personality Disorder and Criminal Behavior; Rational Choice Theory

A. Javier Treviño, Wheaton College
Beccaria, Cesare; Bentham, Jeremy; Prohibition

Andromachi Tseloni, University of Macedonia
Greece, Crime and Justice in

Ryan Kellus Turner, Texas Municipal Courts Education Center
Criminal Courts: Lower; Disorderly Conduct/Disturbing the Peace

Jeffery T. Ulmer, Penn State University
Age and Criminal Behavior; Sentences and Sentencing: Disparities

N. Prabha Unnithan, Colorado State University
Alcohol Use and Criminal Behavior; Alcohol Use: The Law; Hindu Legal Traditions

Stuart L. Usdan, University of South Carolina
Alcohol Use: Prevention and Treatment; Drug Control Policy: Prevention and Treatment; Marijuana

Amy C. Van Houten, University of Arkansas, Little Rock
Police: Use of Deadly Force

Donna M. Vandiver, Illinois State University
Pornogrpahy: The Law

Abbie E. Ventura, University of South Carolina
Maritime Offenses: Crime at Sea; Women as Offenders and Victims throughout History

Holly E. Ventura, University of South Carolina
Matza, David; Ohlin, Lloyd E.; United Kingdom, Crime and Justice in

Arvind Verma, Indiana University at Bloomington
India, Crime and Justice in

Livy Visano, York University, Toronto
Labeling and Symbolic Interaction Theories of Criminal Behavior

Lydia Voigt, Loyola University in New Orleans
Durkheim, Emile; Soviet Union, Crime and Jutsice in

Brenda Vose, University of Cincinnati
Tax Evasion and Tax Fraud

Jeffery T. Walker, University of Arkansas at Little Rock
Police: Use of Deadly Force

Lisa Hutchinson Wallace, University of Alaska, Fairbanks
Burglary as an Occupation; Extortion and Blackmail; Obstruction of Justice

Sam Wallace, University of Tennessee, Knoxville
Hackers: History, Motivations, and Activities

Anthony Walsh, Boise State University
Biological Theories of Criminal Behavior; Genetic Theories of Criminal Behavior; Race and Ethnicity and Criminal Behavior; Rape, Forcible: Theories

Patrick D. Walsh, Loyola University in New Orleans
Robbery: The Law

John Z. Wang, California State University-Long Beach
Containment Theory; International Policing: Interpol; Thrasher, Frederic

David W. Webber, Philadelphia, PA
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and the Law; Riots: The Law; Trials, Political

David L. Weisburd, University of Maryland
Experimental Research/Radomized Experiments

Michael Welch, Rutgers University
Moral Panic

Laura D. Whitlock, South Carolina Department of Public Safety
Criminal Justice Funding, The State Role in

Matthew Williams, Cardiff University
Computer Offenses

Heather Williamson, Virginia Commonwealth University
Personality Theories of Criminal Behavior

Steve Wilson, University of Nebraska – Omaha
Rape, Forcible: The Law

John L. Worrall, California State University, San Bernardino
Double Jeopardy, Protection against; Entrapment as a Defense to Criminal Liability; Fines, Fees, and Forfeiture; Intoxication as a Defense to Criminal Liability

James D. Wright, University of Central Florida
Boot Camps and Shock Incarceration

Richard A. Wright, Arkansas State University
Physical Attractiveness and Criminal Behavior; Sutherland, Edwin H.

Olivia Yu, University of Texas at San Antonio
Strict Liability

Margaret A. Zahn, North Carolina State University
Homicide: Nature, Extent, and Correlates

Marvin Zalman, Wayne State University
Publications in Criminal Law

Christina Zarafonitou, Panteion University
Greece, Crime and Justice in

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